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Elizabeth Grayhack, Ph.D.

Elizabeth Grayhack, Ph.D.

Contact

Office (585) 275-2765
Fax (585) 271-2683

Research Lab

About Me

Faculty Appointments

Associate Professor - Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (SMD)

Credentials

Education

PhD | Cornell University. Biology. 1981

BA | Lawrence University. Chemistry. 1974

Research

Translation of the genetic code from triplet codons in mRNAs into the amino acids in proteins determines the protein composition in the cell. The translation process influences the amount of each protein, the errors within each protein, as well as programmed deviations that affect the protein sequen...
Translation of the genetic code from triplet codons in mRNAs into the amino acids in proteins determines the protein composition in the cell. The translation process influences the amount of each protein, the errors within each protein, as well as programmed deviations that affect the protein sequence. Although accurate and efficient translation of mRNA into proteins is crucially important for the cell, there are substantial differences in translation caused by the choice of synonymous codons used to encode a polypeptide. Synonymous codons specify insertion of the identical amino acid, but differ from each other in the amounts of tRNA available to decode the codon as well as the need for wobble base pairing between the codon and the anticodon of the tRNA.

The goal of research in the Grayhack laboratory is to define the rules and mechanisms by which specific arrangements of codons impair translation in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and to identify regulatory models dictated by codon usage in the yeast genome. Although codon use has been implicated as a determinant of expression levels, neither the identity, nor the defining characteristics of codons that impair expression are known. We demonstrated that translation of CGA codon pairs is remarkably inefficient due to wobble decoding, which implicated interactions between sites in the ribosome and the ribosome decoding process as mediators of translation efficiency. We are currently examining the mechanisms by which CGA codon pairs modulate translation and defining novel codon combinations that reduce translation efficiency.

Publications

Journal Articles

Houston L, Platten EM, Connelly SM, Wang J, Grayhack EJ

RNA.. 2021 December 16 Epub 12/16/2021.

Ghoneim DH, Zhang X, Brule CE, Mathews DH, Grayhack EJ

Nucleic acids research.. 2018 December 21 Epub 12/21/2018.

Wang J, Zhou J, Yang Q, Grayhack EJ

eLife.. 2018 November 227 Epub 11/22/2018.

Coller J, Grayhack EJ

Methods : a companion to Methods in enzymology.. 2018 March 15137 :1-2. Epub 1900 01 01.

Brule CE, Grayhack EJ

Trends in genetics : TIG.. 2017 April 33 (4):283-297. Epub 03/12/2017.

Patra B, Kon Y, Yadav G, Sevold AW, Frumkin JP, Vallabhajosyula RR, Hintze A, Østman B, Schossau J, Bhan A, Marzolf B, Tamashiro JK, Kaur A, Baliga NS, Grayhack EJ, Adami C, Galas DJ, Raval A, Phizicky EM, Ray A

Nucleic acids research.. 2017 January 945 (1):255-270. Epub 11/29/2016.

Gamble CE, Brule CE, Dean KM, Fields S, Grayhack EJ

Cell.. 2016 July 28166 (3):679-690. Epub 06/30/2016.

Brule CE, Dean KM, Grayhack EJ

Methods in enzymology.. 2016 572 :237-53. Epub 03/11/2016.

Quivey RG, Grayhack EJ, Faustoferri RC, Hubbard CJ, Baldeck JD, Wolf AS, MacGilvray ME, Rosalen PL, Scott-Anne K, Santiago B, Gopal S, Payne J, Marquis RE

Molecular oral microbiology.. 2015 December 30 (6):474-95. Epub 06/19/2015.

Wolf AS, Grayhack EJ

RNA.. 2015 May 21 (5):935-45. Epub 03/19/2015.

Guy MP, Young DL, Payea MJ, Zhang X, Kon Y, Dean KM, Grayhack EJ, Mathews DH, Fields S, Phizicky EM

Genes & development.. 2014 August 128 (15):1721-32. Epub 1900 01 01.

Letzring DP, Wolf AS, Brule CE, Grayhack EJ

RNA.. 2013 September 19 (9):1208-17. Epub 07/03/2013.

Grant TD, Luft JR, Wolfley JR, Snell ME, Tsuruta H, Corretore S, Quartley E, Phizicky EM, Grayhack EJ, Snell EH

Journal of molecular biology.. 2013 July 24425 (14):2480-93. Epub 04/10/2013.

Dean KM, Grayhack EJ

RNA.. 2012 December 18 (12):2335-44. Epub 10/24/2012.

Grant TD, Snell EH, Luft JR, Quartley E, Corretore S, Wolfley JR, Elizabeth Snell M, Hadd A, Perona JJ, Phizicky EM, Grayhack EJ

Nucleic acids research.. 2012 April 40 (8):3723-31. Epub 12/17/2011.

Letzring DP, Dean KM, Grayhack EJ

RNA.. 2010 December 16 (12):2516-28. Epub 10/22/2010.

Quartley E, Alexandrov A, Mikucki M, Buckner FS, Hol WG, Detitta GT, Phizicky EM, Grayhack EJ

Journal of structural and functional genomics. 2009 September 10 (3):233-47. Epub 08/22/2009.

Chernyakov I, Whipple JM, Kotelawala L, Grayhack EJ, Phizicky EM

Genes & development.. 2008 May 1522 (10):1369-80. Epub 04/28/2008.

Kotelawala L, Grayhack EJ, Phizicky EM

RNA.. 2008 January 14 (1):158-69. Epub 11/19/2007.

Jackman JE, Grayhack EJ, Phizicky EM

Methods in molecular biology.. 2008 488 :383-93. Epub 1900 01 01.

Chernyakov I, Baker MA, Grayhack EJ, Phizicky EM

Methods in enzymology.. 2008 449 :221-37. Epub 1900 01 01.

Malkowski MG, Quartley E, Friedman AE, Babulski J, Kon Y, Wolfley J, Said M, Luft JR, Phizicky EM, DeTitta GT, Grayhack EJ

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.. 2007 April 17104 (16):6678-83. Epub 04/10/2007.

Wilkinson ML, Crary SM, Jackman JE, Grayhack EJ, Phizicky EM

RNA.. 2007 March 13 (3):404-13. Epub 01/22/2007.

White MA, Clark KM, Grayhack EJ, Dumont ME

Journal of molecular biology.. 2007 January 19365 (3):621-36. Epub 10/06/2006.

Jackman JE, Kotelawala L, Grayhack EJ, Phizicky EM

Methods in enzymology.. 2007 425 :139-52. Epub 1900 01 01.

Alexandrov A, Chernyakov I, Gu W, Hiley SL, Hughes TR, Grayhack EJ, Phizicky EM

Molecular cell.. 2006 January 621 (1):87-96. Epub 1900 01 01.

Phizicky EM, Grayhack EJ

Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology. 2006 41 (5):315-27. Epub 1900 01 01.

Gelperin DM, White MA, Wilkinson ML, Kon Y, Kung LA, Wise KJ, Lopez-Hoyo N, Jiang L, Piccirillo S, Yu H, Gerstein M, Dumont ME, Phizicky EM, Snyder M, Grayhack EJ

Genes & development.. 2005 December 119 (23):2816-26. Epub 1900 01 01.

Gu W, Hurto RL, Hopper AK, Grayhack EJ, Phizicky EM

Molecular and cellular biology.. 2005 September 25 (18):8191-201. Epub 1900 01 01.

Ma X, Yang C, Alexandrov A, Grayhack EJ, Behm-Ansmant I, Yu YT

The EMBO journal.. 2005 July 624 (13):2403-13. Epub 06/16/2005.

Alexandrov A, Grayhack EJ, Phizicky EM

RNA.. 2005 May 11 (5):821-30. Epub 04/05/2005.

Alexandrov A, Vignali M, LaCount DJ, Quartley E, de Vries C, De Rosa D, Babulski J, Mitchell SF, Schoenfeld LW, Fields S, Hol WG, Dumont ME, Phizicky EM, Grayhack EJ

Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP.. 2004 September 3 (9):934-8. Epub 07/07/2004.

Van Slyke C, Grayhack EJ

Nucleic acids research.. 2003 August 131 (15):4597-607. Epub 1900 01 01.

Phizicky EM, Martzen MR, McCraith SM, Spinelli SL, Xing F, Shull NP, Van Slyke C, Montagne RK, Torres FM, Fields S, Grayhack EJ

Methods in enzymology.. 2002 350 :546-59. Epub 1900 01 01.

Grayhack EJ, Phizicky EM

Current opinion in chemical biology.. 2001 February 5 (1):34-9. Epub 1900 01 01.

Martzen MR, McCraith SM, Spinelli SL, Torres FM, Fields S, Grayhack EJ, Phizicky EM

Science.. 1999 November 5286 (5442):1153-5. Epub 1900 01 01.

Kuo MH, Nadeau ET, Grayhack EJ

Molecular and cellular biology.. 1997 February 17 (2):819-32. Epub 1900 01 01.

Kuo MH, Grayhack E

Molecular and cellular biology.. 1994 January 14 (1):348-59. Epub 1900 01 01.

Grayhack EJ

Molecular and cellular biology.. 1992 August 12 (8):3573-82. Epub 1900 01 01.

Yang XJ, Hart CM, Grayhack EJ, Roberts JW

Genes & development.. 1987 May 1 (3):217-26. Epub 1900 01 01.

Grayhack EJ, Yang XJ, Lau LF, Roberts JW

Cell.. 1985 August 42 (1):259-69. Epub 1900 01 01.

Grayhack EJ, Roberts JW

The Journal of biological chemistry.. 1983 August 10258 (15):9192-6. Epub 1900 01 01.

Grayhack EJ, Roberts JW

Cell.. 1982 September 30 (2):637-48. Epub 1900 01 01.